KWH

pp

Figure 132

Figure 133

CDDUSS
ОООСС
JPPRRßß

134 Incorrect forms.

135 Stroke direction for serifs.

"I лил

ІГЕЕЕЕЕ Г

Practice the letters in the same groups
as you did for even-stroke roman. The
letters M, N, and Z often seem difficult.
If you hold the pen in normal position
for vertical lines and for the diagonal of
the letter Z, then the letters will appear
too heavy, but the Z will appear too
light. Therefore you should turn the pen
to make the first vertical line of the M
and the two verticals of the N as wide as
the horizontal lines of the other letters;
make the diagonal of the Z full width
(Figure 131).

The two curved strokes that make up
the О should connect without any visi¬
ble gap. Long thin sections are equally
undesirable. Any mistakes are most
clearly visible in the interior space. Keep
the arches of capital С and G relatively
flat.

The letters R and В require much
practice. Start the half circles with hori¬
zontal lines and lift the right side of
the nib off the paper near the end of the
stroke to avoid cramped forms in an area
that is small in relation to the stroke
width. Another way to make small curves
is to gradually adjust the right angle of
the nib until it reaches a horizontal posi¬
tion (Figure 133, right). When the ends
of small strokes in R, B, and К reach too
far into the vertical stems of the letters,
a cluttered image results. Deformed in¬
terior spaces ruin the entire form. Some
of the most common mistakes are shown
in Figure 134.

Attractive variations of this alphabet
can be created through the addition of
serifs or serif-like forms at the beginning
and end of the strokes (Figure 137 and
138). Entry and stem as well as stem and
exit can be executed in one stroke. The
entry is relatively flat, and the form that
leads into the straight line is achieved by
a slight increase of pressure (Figure
141). For beginners it is advisable to
make the serifs that come at the end of

54

ABCDEFCHI)

KLMNOPd
RSTUVWXYZ

1234567890

136 Sans serif roman capitals with varying
stroke widths.

137 Variation of the alphabet in Figure 136.

ABCDEFGHT

KLMNPR
STUVWXYZ