Special occasions, the addresses, &c., will practically “plan

Subjects themselves” (p. 67), and better workmanship is

the natural result.

Generally the simpler the form and the treatment
of an Illuminated Address, the better the effect.
The most effective decoration is the plain coloured
or gold capital, and the finest ornament is a coat-
of-arms (see “Heraldry” below; and for general,

Фtagrcwi simmer the armncjtment

ofthe chames in the earliest firm of
I r- t3, г1 Г 2 r'Jtd.iyt»
the t^nnush LootohJrmS: um-

Fig. 199.

324

simple Illumination, see Chapters VII to XIII).
A symbolical mark, such as a crest, badge, mono¬
gram, cypher, or other device (p. 326), boldly and
decoratively treated, may be used in place of a coat-
of-arms.

There is too much “Illumination” in the con¬
ventional “Address,” which looks like a “piece of
decoration” with a little writing. A really reasonable
and effective Illuminated Address is a piece of writing
suitably decorated.

Heraldry.—A reliable handbook must be con¬
sulted, for accurate “blazoning” is essential. Early
examples should be studied (see p. 351). The dia¬
gram, fig. 199, is given as an example of how a charge
was evenly arranged on the shield (see balanced back¬
ground, p. 381). Another example—showing a
diapered chequer—is given on p. 300.

Shields in Illuminated borders may be coloured
before the border, lest the brilliant mass of colour
of the shield clash with the border. The shield, if
large, may with advantage set the tone of the whole
colour scheme.

MONOGRAMS & DEVICES

A Monogram consists of two or more letters
combined in one form, as the diphthong Æ, and

the ampersand1 for : its legibility may

be helped by compound colouring. A Cypher con¬
sists of linked or interlaced letters, as GO , and

Special

Subjects

1 In the common form &. the letters P Q (see Plate
VI) are now barely traceable.

З25