APPENDIX

in several sizes, is unquestionably a remarkable technical success. First of all, it is completely
current, comparing very favourably in this respect with Moreau's type of 1648 which was the
first of the kind. Technically it surpasses the caractère de Finance of Fournier (1749), and, though
it depends upon the design of the script cut by J. F. Rosart in 1753, it is greatly superior in
verisimilitude. Fleischman's script type was first cut in 1756, three years after Rosart had cut his
first size. The technical ability of Fleischman, however, is no compensation for his pallid design,
and Fournier's fount remains the best of the Continental scripts.

The vogue of Fleischman's founts, the new tendencies brought into type-designing by the
Romain du Roi cut by Grandjean for the Imprimerie Royale, and some of the founts of Fournier,
combined to create a taste unfavourable to any appreciation of the old faces of Van Dijck and
of Voskens. The name of Fleischman was so powerful that all typefounders in Holland used
the name whether their punches were or were not cut by him. The old classic Aldine letter
disappeared, not merely from the specimen books, for the punches and matrices were destroyed.
In England, however, the Dutch monopoly had been so considerably reduced, first by the es¬
tablishment of Caslon and, secondly, by the successors of Baskerville, that henceforth English
type-designing pursued an independent course. After the middle of the eighteenth century
no new Dutch influence is discernible, although the large stocks of Dutch founts in the hands
of English printers continued to do duty for many years. French, rather than Dutch, influences
produced the first English modern face in the type of John Bell.

It follows that the interest of Dr Enschedé's book is greatest at the very point at which
English documents are so few. Mention has been made of the specimens issued by the University
Presses of Oxford and Cambridge and of a number of houses in London and Edinburgh. Alto¬
gether, these specimens according to W. Turner Berry and A. F. Johnson's Catalogue of specimens
of Printing Types by English and Scottish Printers and Founders 1665—1830 (Oxford 1935), do not number
more than thirty for the period from 1665 to 1786.

Dr Enschedé's book, therefore, makes an invaluable addition to our knowledge of the sources
of the types used by the English printers, and, in this new edition, the student is further assisted
by references to literature which has appeared since the publication of the original work. [...]
In this connection it should, of course, be borne in mind that the Dutch foundries were the
source resorted to not merely by the English and Scottish printers, but also by the printers
established in the American Colonies. It is felt, therefore, that with the additional notes and
text, [...] Dr Enschedé's painstaking work in its English dress will reach a wider public.1

[ 1 ] Passages have been omitted in which the author refers has been superseded by the publication of the Type Specimen
to the plan to include reproductions of a number of type- Facsimiles,
specimens in the Bagford collection and elsewhere. This plan

43О

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431