270 3<* NOTES ТО PAGES 76-80

in Germany Before 1933, Berghahn Series (Oxford, UK: Berghahn
Books, 2006), 206.

57. “Ampersand,” Urban Dictionary, http://www.urbandictionary.com/
define.php?term=ampersand{last accessedjuly3,2011J; H. A. Long,
“Birth Names,” in Personal and Family Names (London: Hamilton,
Adams & Co., 1883), 98.

58. “Ampersand,” Wikipedia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampersand
[last accessed July 23,2012}; J. B. Shank, William L. Hosch, Marco
Sampaolo, et al, “André-Marie Ampère (French physicist),” Ency¬
clopaedia Britannica, http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/
topic/21416/Andre-Marie-Ampere [last accessed July 23,2012}.

59. E. S. Sheldon, “Studies and notes,” in Further Notes on the Names of
the Letters, volume II (Boston: Ginn & Company, 1893), 158.

60. J. S. Farmer and W. E. Henley, “Ampersand,” in A Dictionary of Slang
and Colloquial English (New York: G. Routledge & Sons, limited,
1905), 10.

61. A. Barrère and C. G. Leland, “Ampersand,” in A Dictionary ofSlang,
Jargon if Cant: Embracing English, American, and Anglo-Indian Slang,
Pidgin English, Tinker’s Jargon and Other Irregular Phraseology, vol¬
ume i (Edinburgh: The Ballantyne Press, 1889), 36-37.

62. “Ampersand,” Oxford Dictionaries Online, http://oxforddictionaries.
com/definition/ampersand [last accessed July 3,2011}.

5. THE @ SYMBOL

1. Gina Smith, “Unsung Innovators: Ray Tomlinson, Who Put the @
Sign in Every E-mail Address,” Computerworld, December 3,2007,
http://www.computerworld.eom/s/article/9046658/.

2. Katie Hafner and Matthew Lyon, “The Third University,” in Where
Wizards Stay Up Late: The Origins of the Internet (New York: Pocket
Books, 2003), 102; Ibid., 82.

3. Paul E. Ceruzzi, “Computing Comes of Age, 1956-1964,” in A His¬
tory of Modern Computing (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2002), 74.

4. Paul E. Ceruzzi, “From Mainframe to Minicomputer, 1959-1969,”
in A History of Modern Computing (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press,

2002), 133.

Я

NOTES TO PAGES 80-84 271

5. Paul E. Ceruzzi, “The ‘Go-Go’ Years and the System/360,1961-
1975,” in A History of Modern Computing (Cambridge, MA: MIT
Press, 2002), 154.

6. J. Daintith and Oxford University Press, “Teletypewriter,” in
Oxford Dictionary of Computing, Oxford Paperback Reference
(Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2004), 529.

7. Ibid.

8. “Want to Take Your Teletype Around with You?” Computerworld,
March 1968,4.

9. John Markoff, “Outlook 2000: Technology & Media: Talking the
Future With: Robert W. Taylor; An Internet Pioneer Ponders the
Next Revolution,” New York Times, December 20,1999.

10. Ibid.

11. S. Segaller, “Something Seductive,” inNerds2.o.i:A Brief History of
the Internet (New York: TV Books, 1998), 69.

12. Sastri L. Kota, Kaveh Pahlavan, and Pentii A. Leppänen, “Over¬
view of Broadband Satellite Networks,” in Broadband Satellite Com¬
munications for Internet Access, ist edition (New York: Springer,

2003).

13. Timothy Johnson, “Electronic Post for Switching Data,” New Sci¬
entist, May 1976.

14. Katie Hafner and Matthew Lyon, “A Block Here, Some Stones
There,” in Where Wizards Stay Up Late: The Origins of the Internet
(New York: Pocket Books, 2003), 80; Keenan Mayo and Peter New¬
comb, “An Oral History of the Internet: How the Web Was Won,”
Vanity Fair,]uly 2008.

15. G. O’Regan, “The ARPANET,” in A Brief History of Computing
(New York: Springer, 2008), 182.

16. Ray Tomlinson, “The First Network Email,” OpenMap, http://
openmap.bbn.com/-tomlinso/ray/firstemailframe.html [last
accessed July 10,2011}.

17. Ibid.

18. Ibid.

19. Bruno Giussani, Storia di @: l'origine della “chiocciola” e altre poco note
vicende dell’Internet (Bellinzona, Switzerland: Messaggi Brevi, 2003).