192 ?0> SHADY CHARACTERS

Later, as scriptio continua finally yielded to spaces between words a

tenth-century edition of De Trinitate captured the transition in full

flow. Written in a minuscule script and punctuated with a combina-

tion of embryonic word spacing and pointing, the same quotation
was rendered:

I hesays. iaminthefather &thefather inme '8

A yet different approach to highlighting notable text can be
seen in an eighth-century manuscript copied at the monastery of
Wearmouth-Jarrow in the north of England. Quotations here were
introduced not only by the traditional diple but were further distin¬
guished by a different script: the main body of the text was composed
in the lowercase, “insular” minuscules indigenous to the British Isles,
whereas quotations were rendered in contrasting, uppercase unciai
script.'9 The effect is to make quotations visually distinct from the
original material; just as block quotations in modern books are setoff
bya different typographic treatment-indented, italicized, orsmaller
text, for example—so the scribes at Wearmouth-Jarrow were experi¬
menting with analogous forms of information design more than a
thousand years ago.20

Still other methods of marking quotations rose, prospered, and fell
during the first millennium ad. The old Greek practice of insetting
notable text was often used in early Latin manuscripts, for instance;
some later scribes emphasized quotations by the simple expedient of
underlining them, and still others wrote them in contrasting red ink."
On occasion the diple gave way to other signs fulfilling the same pur¬
pose: at various times and in different manuscripts, quotations could
be indicated by a single or double dashlike mark in the margin (-, =),
sometimes accessorized with dots like the ancient Greek lemniscus
(T) and hypolemniscus P).22 These early Christian scholars may all

QUOTATION MARKS 19З

jjec^iWTxLiewi pxirucipeST ui^VmmifUt ) угу
1 jufirUiptf pmc doQvfU-fiàuy уиуЫЛляму

dll,n pparinaurt ¿Шцаоиьвсг tmo Cbpitíitn

(ШПС* fvíttf ar ОЦІЩ porflàfoàmmânbfiif Асіфаё'
pâeUtyOïtifay.abvctfiiw&fvtitt) фтуорпо
(jfafttiffi pfr-ttagy /èiie nL^scewr ілетиле ;

I Ç rruewAfi ихвеыеспстл ет Ілетхле/ссісп a хі Li

т drUâupe- ¿Um ел maínulüUfeforía ul*

лууто cfLpJmdt tötipfi# t>numÆitf efy'

1 ('eRUA CVRISSUOA eTÇRAXKSKiiuslnwwuLuf.

. иъеил ei us іы евгаеыт те оспы neo > pone .
i lUAcooRfc? eius òeLecTAne itiçrcewÇ;

Цша rbfUfftma- уш <¡juxiHfpmu ttrjwJafii íbdtcty
efi ii'CÍ^ui-c|Mtiepftpdicífiaír| yoUbodío

ЬаЬфе &Lbt)itfttfi e~ äoityutiAnyrfpifflf'fuwff fittimi
tttp pfttíttf uyicucw) íuifnáure-ííeídrululífr.
d'Aulè äifhie-ytän yänptfi mìvuLicuw^ ftiedhfttf-;

Ottttf ubfyibuy Uiebfuatnufuíbfnucfuufíiíie- afhuviiiq
fMçimf d'fttfui hé¡icbt(bfutti) ^fuutdij’ Uiftftumuft.
Ситу pi ce' ékamnafie- ltt-гдсЦгdeidviifi i luaQia ^
fety-cthdcifiim] «.vaifid ицгсигап) y—

^ Figure 10.3 This manuscript, copied at Wearmouth-Jarrow in the
first half of the eighth century, shows diples introducing new quotations.
Quotations are in uppercase uncial, or “inch” script, and the original text is
tendered in the “insular” minuscule script indigenous to the British Isles.