List of Illustrations

Fig. 1 Cambridge street sign 5

Fig. 2 Mathematical spacing 5

Fig. 3 Examples of spacing 6

Fig. 4 Centres 7

Fig. 5 Optical centres 8

Fig. 6 Straight line wedge 9

Fig. 7 Second moment dotted wedge 10

Fig. 8 Symbol spacing 10

Fig. 9 The eye 11

Fig. 10 Ascenders in spacing 12

Fig.11-12 Examplesof'x'height spacing 13

Fig. 13-15 A matter of balance 14,15

Fig. 16 Conversion graph 14

Fig. 17-22 Eye spacing 16,17

Fig. 23 Eye spaced Baskerville 18

Fig. 24

Passive spacing 18

Fig. 25

Brickwork as spacing 19

Fig. 26

Cap to lower-case 20

Fig. 27

Space saving 21

Fig. 28-32

Typeset-optical set 23,24,25

Fig. 33-35

Optical set Letraset 26, 26, 28

Fig. 36-39

Experimental examples 28,29,30